George Fletcher is one of Oregon’s most celebrated cowboys and rodeo performers. Fletcher was born in St. Marys, Kansas in 1890. Before he was 10, the Fletcher family left Kansas for Pendleton, Oregon. Pendleton was the heart of Oregon’s cattle industry, and many men in Pendleton made a living driving, herding, branding and breeding cattle.

At the turn of the century, Oregon’s Black population numbered just 1105 people, 70% of whom lived in Portland. Umatilla County, home to Pendleton, had just 30 Black residents in 1900. Rural Black Oregonians were very isolated, and lacked the support of strong community organizations. Most worked in subservient positions or in dangerous, low skilled occupations.

As a child, George Fletcher attended the missionary school on the Umatilla Indian Reservation alongside Native American children. Fletcher quit school after the fifth grade but continued to spend much of his childhood on the reservation. Over the years, he learned some of the local languages and first witnessed the horsemanship of Native riders.

By the time Fletcher reached working age, the most promising source of employment for him was as a cowboy. Fletcher quickly became a skilled horseman and began competing in rodeo competitions at age 15, developing a unique style. Besides his race, Fletcher stood out for his bright orange chaps and loose, nonchalant saddle demeanor. In exhibition rides and events, Fletcher developed routines which dazzled audiences, including riding buffalo and riding back-to-back with other cowboys on the same horse.

At age 19, George Fletcher won his first rodeo prize — $15 — for coming in third place in the saddle-bronc competition at the Eastern Oregon District Fair. A year later, in 1910, Fletcher placed fourth in saddle bronc at the first ever Pendleton Round-Up, becoming that event’s first Black competitor.

The 1911 Pendleton Round-Up Bronc Riding Championship was a legendary matchup. Fletcher, a Nez Perce rider named Jackson Sundown, and a White rancher named John Spain were finalists to win the top prize: a $350 silver saddle. Fletcher’s run won the support of the crowd but the judges awarded Spain first prize and named Fletcher runner up. The audience booed the decision. Pendleton’s East Oregonian newspaper wrote of the incident the next day, saying, “Had the spectators been the final judge, George Fletcher would undoubtedly have won the handsome first prize saddle, for he was plainly the favorite.”

In protest, Umatilla County Sheriff Til Taylor, honorary director of that year’s Round Up, cut Fletcher’s cowboy hat into pieces and sold them to the crowd as souvenirs. Sheriff Taylor collected nearly $700 from the stunt, which he then gave to Fletcher. Local press dubbed Fletcher “The People’s Champion” of 1911.

George Fletcher’s rodeo career lasted only a few more years. While serving abroad during World War I, he sustained a leg injury that ended his competitive bronc riding days. He continued to work as a cowboy the rest of his life, however, and in 1972 he was named an inaugural member of the Pendleton Round-Up and Happy Canyon Hall of Fame. Fletcher died the next year and was buried in Pendleton.